John Maynard Keynes (1883–1946) was an influential British economist whose ideas on government intervention in the economy were considered to…
Austrian-born British economist Friedrich Hayek (1899-1992) is best known for his defense of classical liberalism and what is now called…
The "Father of Modern Philosophy", René Descartes (1596–1650) was one of the most prominent voices of the Scientific Revolution. A…
Best known for his Incompleteness Theorem, Kurt Gödel (1906–1978) is considered one of the most important mathematicians and logicians of the…
The Russian composer Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971) was one of the most influential composers of the twentieth century. His career spanned from the…
Austrian-born English philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951) is considered as one of the most influential—although controversial—thinkers of the 20th century. His work touched on topics…
Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) was a polymath whose interests spanned multiple fields including philosophy, astronomy, mathematics, and language. He is…
Although some of his theories are still hotly debated, Sigmund Freud, (May 6, 1856–September 23, 1939) is widely regarded as a…
A British philosopher, logician, and mathematician, Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) made significant contributions to the fields of mathematical logic, analytic philosophy,…
The author of such literary classics as Ulysses and Finnegans Wake, James Joyce (1882–1941) was one of Ireland’s most celebrated novelists known for his avant-garde…